Formerly known as the Federation of Polish Jews in America. Founded in 1908 as the Federation of Russian-Polish Hebrews, primarily to "help Polish landslayt in New York in any possible way" and to strengthen the activities of *landsmanshaftn* in the city. Established the Beth David Hospital to aid members and newly arrived immigrants, ca. 1912. Contributed to the People's Relief Committee, 1919. Sent a delegate to the Versailles Peace Conference, 1919. In 1920, dropped "Russian" from name of organization. In 1926, changed "Hebrews" to "Jews". Established the World Federation of Polish Jews in 1935 for relief and economic assistance for Jews in Poland. The women's division, Ezra, was organized in 1931. Cooperated with the Association of Jewish Refugees and Immigrants from Poland in publishing *The Black Book of Polish Jewry*, 1943. In the mid-1940s, coordinated relief activities of New York Polish *landsmanshaftn* on behalf of their home towns and *landslayt* In the 1950s campaigned actively against antisemitism and racial discrimination. Leaders included Dr. Joseph Tenenbaum, Zelig Tygel, Benjamin Winter. >>> http://yivoarchives.org/?p=collections/controlcard&id=33383
Karaites
Jewish sect originating in the 8th century which recognized the Scriptures but did not accept the Oral Law. The Karaite movement flourished in the Middle East and later spread to Europe. The Karaites developed their own liturgy, rituals and laws. In the 1930s there were about 12,000 Karaites in the world. The Nazi regime did not consider the Karaites to be Jews and gave orders to spare them and give them favorable treatment. Karaite groups settled in Israel after World War II and were encouraged by the government to establish their own institutions. >>> http://yivoarchives.org/index.php?p=collections/controlcard&id=32527
Jewish Colonization Association
Philanthropic association which assisted Jewish immigration and agricultural colonization throughout the world. Founded in 1891 by Baron Maurice de Hirsch. Headquarters maintained in Paris until relocated to London in 1949. >>> http://yivoarchives.org/index.php?p=collections/controlcard&id=32616
RETURN TO POLAND >>> http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E-QDr2C1vts



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